Breast cancer nipple discharge exosomal microRNAs are stable under degradative conditions Wang YW, Zhang W, Chen X, Tian Y, Zhao S, Zhang K, Zhu J, Ma R, Wang J, - J Indian Prosthodont Soc

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Breast cancer nipple discharge exosomal microRNAs are stable under degradative conditions Ya-Wen Wang¹, Weiguo Zhang², Xu Chen³, Yaru Tian⁴, Song Zhao¹, Kai Zhang¹, Jiang Zhu¹, Rong Ma¹, Jianli Wang⁵ ¹ Department of Breast Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China ² Department of Breast Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong; Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China ³ Department of Pathology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China ⁴ Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China ⁵ Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China Correspondence Address: Jiang Zhu, Department of Breast Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan 250012, Shandong China Rong Ma, Department of Breast Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan 250012, Shandong China Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None DOI: 10.4103/cjop.CJOP-D-22-00138

We have previously shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) in nipple discharge are potential diagnostic biomarkers. In particular, exosomes are present in nipple discharge. Herein, we sought to elucidate the protective role of exosomes on miRNAs in nipple discharge and investigate the stability of miRNAs encapsulated in exosomes under degradative conditions. A novel TTMAAlPc-RNA complex method was used to measure the RNase concentration in colostrum and nipple discharge. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed to test the stability of exogenous synthetic miRNAs (cel-lin-4-5p and cel-miR-2-3p) and endogenous miRNAs (hsa-miR-4732-5p, hsa-miR-3646, hsa-miR-4484, and kshv-miR-K12-5-5p). RNase was present and functional in colostrum and nipple discharge. Endogenous miRNAs were more stably expressed compared to exogenous miRNAs at room temperature and 4°C. Triton X-100 (1%, 30 min) destroyed the exosomal membrane, causing RNA degradation in colostrum but not in nipple discharge. Therefore, we confirmed that exosomes in colostrum and nipple discharge could protect miRNAs from degradation by RNase. Exosomes in nipple discharge may be more resistant to Triton X-100 lysis compared to those in the colostrum. Exosomal miRNAs in nipple discharge in breast cancer are stable under degradative conditions. Differential Triton X-100 sensitivity of exosomes of nipple discharge and colostrum warrants further investigation.

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