Heat shock protein 90α in nipple discharge as a potential tumor marker for breast cancer

Yan-Yan Wang; Can Liu; Xu Chen; Jian Ji; Sheng-Lin Zhu; Qi Sun; Kai Zhang; Jiang Zhu; Song Zhao; Ya-Wen Wang; Rong Ma; Jian-Li Wang

doi:10.4103/cjp.cjp_72_21

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE

Year : 2021 | Volume : 64 | Issue : 5 | Page : 251-256

Heat shock protein 90α in nipple discharge as a potential tumor marker for breast cancer

Yan-Yan Wang¹, Can Liu², Xu Chen³, Jian Ji⁴, Sheng-Lin Zhu⁵, Qi Sun⁵, Kai Zhang², Jiang Zhu², Song Zhao², Ya-Wen Wang², Rong Ma², Jian-Li Wang⁶
¹ Department of Breast Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University; Health Management Center, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
² Department of Breast Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
³ Department of Pathology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
⁴ Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
⁵ Health Management Center, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
⁶ Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China

Correspondence Address:
Dr. Rong Ma
Department of Breast Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan 250012, Shandong
China
Dr. Ya-Wen Wang
Department of Breast Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan 250012, Shandong
China

Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None

DOI: 10.4103/cjp.cjp_72_21

Heat shock protein 90α (HSP90α) has been confirmed to be upregulated in the blood in various types of tumors and may therefore serve as a potential tumor marker. However, whether HSP90α exists in nipple discharge remains unknown, and its expression and diagnostic value in nipple discharge remain unclear. In this study, the expression of HSP90α, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and cancer antigen 153 in nipple discharge and blood from 128 patients was measured. Receiver operating characteristic curve was used to assess the diagnostic value of HSP90α. Further, its relationship with clinicopathological parameters of patients with breast cancer was analyzed. The results showed that the expression of HSP90α in nipple discharge was significantly higher in patients with breast cancer than in those with benign disease, and its diagnostic value was better than that of CEA. Combination of HSP90α and CEA showed better diagnostic efficacy than HSP90α or CEA alone. Moreover, the expression of HSP90α displayed a stepwise increase from benign lesions, followed by carcinoma in situ to invasive ductal carcinoma. HSP90α was positively correlated with Ki67 expression. However, there was no significant difference in the expression of HSP90α in blood between patients with breast cancer and benign disease. Further, the expression of HSP90α was higher in nipple discharge than in blood. In summary, HSP90α was upregulated in the nipple discharge of patients with breast cancer, and it may be related to the occurrence and progression of breast cancer. HSP90α in nipple discharge may serve as a potential diagnostic marker for breast cancer.

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