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The Anti-inflammatory Effects of the Bioactive Compounds Isolated from Alpinia officinarum Hance Mediated by the Suppression of NF-kappaB and MAPK Signaling
Chia-Yu Li1, Szu-En Cheng2, Sue-Hong Wang3, Jane-Yii Wu2, Chang-Wei Hsieh4, Hsi-Kai Tsou5, Ming-Shiun Tsai2
1 PhD Program of Biotechnology and Industry, College of Biotechnology and Bioresources, Da-Yeh University, Changhua; Department of Life-and-Death Studies, Nanhua University, Chiayi, Taiwan
2 Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Da-Yeh University, Changhua, Taiwan
3 Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University; Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
4 Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
5 Functional Neurosurgery Division, Neurological Institute, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
Correspondence Address:
Dr. Ming-Shiun Tsai
Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Da-Yeh University, No. 168, University Road, Dacun, Changhua 51591
Taiwan
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None
DOI: 10.4103/CJP.CJP_81_20
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This study was designed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects of Alpinia officinarum Hance extract (AOE) and identify its main active ingredients. AOE was obtained using a 95% ethanol extraction method. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were used to induce an inflammatory response in RAW264.7 cells. The results showed that AOE exerts anti-inflammatory effects via inhibition of prostaglandin E2 secretion and cyclooxygenase -2 (COX-2) production. We further analyzed the components of AOE using high-performance liquid chromatography and found that AOE is comprised of several bioactive flavonoids including quercetin (Q), kaempferol (K), galangin (G), and curcumin (C). These four flavonoids effectively inhibited nitric oxide (NO), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α production. Moreover, they reduced COX-2 and inducible NO synthase expressions via regulation of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells and c-Jun N-terminal kinase signaling pathways. Furthermore, we compared and contrasted the anti-inflammatory effects and mechanisms of these four flavonoids at the same dose in the LPS-induced cell inflammation model. The results showed that C is the most effective inhibitor of LPS-induced NO production. However, only Q and K effectively attenuated LPS-induced extracellular signal-regulated kinase and p38 elevations. In conclusion, AOE and its major bioactive compounds exert anti-inflammatory effects on LPS-induced inflammation. As A. officinarum Hance is much cheaper than any of its four flavonoids, especially G, we suggest using AOE as an anti-inflammatory agent.
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